Submarine volcanoes, volcanic structures hidden beneath the ocean surface, play a vital role in shaping Earth’s geology and marine ecosystems. Formed through tectonic plate movements, rising magma, ...

The Earth's mantle might not always move along in lockstep with the overlying tectonic crust—as set out in science textbooks for decades—but may instead behave differently. This is the conclusion of ...

In the middle of the Pacific Ocean, thousands of miles from any continent, Easter Island rises out of the sea. Its surface tells a story of volcanism that began roughly 2.5 million years ago, but ...

Deep below the Earth's surface, magma is churning and flowing into the Axial Seamount, an underwater shield volcano about 300 miles off the coast of Oregon. As the volcano grows and tremors increase, ...

It measures 310,000 square kilometres (119,000 square miles) and its ‘roots’ extend around 30 kilometres (18 miles) into the Earth’s crust. (For comparison, the US state of Washington is 184,661 ...

(CNN) — Earthquakes, caused by the shifting of Earth’s tectonic plates, have the potential to transform the face of the world. Now, for the first time, scientists have evidence that earthquakes can ...

Researchers recently discovered a huge chain of extinct volcanoes buried deep below South China that formed when two tectonic plates collided during the breakup of Rodinia, around 800 million years ...

For most of deep time, spreading ridges released more carbon than volcano chains, changing how we interpret Earth’s climate history.

Semeru volcano — the tallest volcano on Java at 3,676 meters — erupted on the afternoon of November 19, 2025, with pyroclastic flows racing at high speed more than 8.5 kilometers down its slopes, as ...